Briefs & Summaries

Roll, S., Despard, M., & Miller, S. (2025). Savings incentives and the SECURE 2.0 Act: New evidence on employer-sponsored emergency savings accounts and the Saver’s Match (CSD Research Brief No. 25-12), Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/bn8y-t719

Roll, S., Despard, M., & Zhang, G. (2025). Matching student debt payments with retirement contributions has high appeal for low-wage workers: Implications for SECURE 2.0 (CSD Research Brief No. 25-13). Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/njam-jy38

Roll, S., Despard, M., & Miller, S. (2025). Retirement plan access among low-wage workers in 2024: Implications for SECURE 2.0 (CSD Research Brief No. 25-10). Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/k2wj-8b08

Roll, S., Despard, M., & Miller, S. (2025). Auto-enrollment, auto-escalation, and the need for retirement plan portability: Implications for SECURE 2.0 (CSD Research Brief No. 25-11). Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/xsyc-qw19

Huseynli, A., & Sherraden, M. (2025). Fossil fuel wealth for human development: CDAs continue in Kazakhstan with second year deposits (CSD Policy Brief No. 25-05). Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/PBJS-4450

Huseynli, A., Zou, L., Sherraden, M., & Huang, J. (2024). The National Fund for Children in Kazakhstan (Policy Brief No. 24-17). Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/sdeb-m075

Roll, S., Elliott, D., Smith, S., Quick, A., Brugger, L., Davis, S., & Hamilton, L. (2024). Does guaranteed income build assets for Black women? Evidence from the In Her Hands program (Conference Brief). University of Michigan, School of Social Work, Center on Assets, Education, and Inclusion. https://doi.org/10.7302/24452

Boshara, R. (2024). The (unknown) children’s savings accounts federal policy landscape (Conference Brief). University of Michigan, School of Social Work, Center on Assets, Education, and Inclusion. https://doi.org/10.7302/24443

Huang, J., Sherraden, M., Clancy, M. M., Beverly, S. G., & Schreiner, M. (2024). Child Development Accounts and the SEED for Oklahoma Kids experiment: Evidence and impacts (Conference Brief). University of Michigan, School of Social Work, Center on Assets, Education, and Inclusion. https://doi.org/10.7302/24411

Sherraden, M., Clancy, M. M., Huang, J., Shanks, T., & Elliott, W. (2024). Inclusive children’s accounts: Toward lifelong asset building for all (Conference Brief). University of Michigan, School of Social Work, Center on Assets, Education, and Inclusion. https://doi.org/10.7302/24440

Minnick, D., J., Rao, S., Smith, K., Krings, A., & Teixeira, S. (2024). Meeting the Grand Challenge to Create Social Responses to a Changing Environment (Policy Brief). Grand Challenges for Social Work. https://grandchallengesforsocialwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/240730-SRTCE_PB_FINAL.pdf

Minnick, D., J., Rao, S., Smith, K., Krings, A., & Teixeira, S. (2024). Meeting the Grand Challenge to Create Social Responses to a Changing Environment (Policy Brief). Grand Challenges for Social Work. https://grandchallengesforsocialwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/240730-SRTCE_PB_FINAL.pdf

Sherraden, M. S., Huang, J., & Johnson, L. (2024, July). Meeting the grand challenge to build financial capability and assets for all; Social workers: A ready workforce for building financial capability in underserved households (Policy Brief). Grand Challenges for Social Work. https://grandchallengesforsocialwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/240730-SW-FCAB-workforce_FINAL.pdf

Birkenmaier, J., & Huang, J. (2024, July). Meeting the grand challenge to build financial capability and assets for all; Strengthen the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (Policy Brief). Grand Challenges for Social Work. https://grandchallengesforsocialwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/240730-CFPB_FCAB_PB_FINAL.pdf

Huang, J., Shanks, T. R., Teasley, M., Spencer, M., & Sherraden, M. (2024, July). Eliminate racism, reduce extreme economic inequality, and build financial capabilities and assets for all; Universal Child Development Accounts to develop all children and reduce racial wealth inequality (Policy Brief). Grand Challenges for Social Work. https://grandchallengesforsocialwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/240730-CDAs_FINAL.pdf

Shanks, T. R., Huang, J., Elliott, W., III, Zheng, H., Clancy, M. M., & Sherraden, M. (2024). Asset-building policy and Black reparations: Effective delivery and wealth accumulation (CSD Research Brief No. 24-07). Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/4tyz-z454

Elliott, W. (2024, May). Child Savings Accounts and other tax-advantaged accounts benefiting American children: Testimony Before the U.S. Senate Committee on Finance (CSD Perspective No. 24-05). Washington University, Center for Social Development, and University of Michigan, Center on Assets, Education, and Inclusion. https://doi.org/10.7936/ezhm-qb08

Huang, J., Shanks, T. R., Clancy, M. M., Elliott, W., III, & Sherraden, M. (2024). Wealth-building for all children: Convergence and evidence to support a nationwide policy (CSD Policy Brief No. 24-04). Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/kyht-rv07

Beaudoin, S., Lacko, A., Ashbrook, A. (2023). Expanded Child Tax Credits: A transformational opportunity to help families put food on the table (FRAC Research Brief). Food Research and Action Center. https://frac.org/wp-content/uploads/Expanded-Child-Tax-Credits-Research-Brief.pdf

Quint, C. J., & Clancy, M. M. (2023, June). My Alfond Grant CDA: Experience From 10 years of automatic deposits for all Maine newborns (CSD Policy Brief No. 23-19). Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/9tx1-hf90

Huseynli, A., & Sherraden, M. (2023, June). Child well-being policies in post-Soviet countries: The potential of Child Development Accounts (CSD Policy Brief No. 23-18). Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/8f0m-qs76

Murphy, L., Cooper, S., & Beckham, R. (2023, February). Linkage fees: A vehicle for financing affordable housing (CSD Policy Brief No. 23-11). Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/r0g8-kr48

Alzhrani, A., Kiefer, B., Kim, D.-Y., & Eissner, G. (2023, February). Advancing racial equity through community land trusts (CSD Policy Brief No. 23-10). Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/hyr6-3569

Borland, O., Kohlstruk, C., & Owens, L. (2023, February). Zoning: Issues and reform (CSD Policy Brief No. 23-09). Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/9bav-8t27

Al Hammam, F., Haden, J., Logan-Wood, L., & Roeder, J. (2023, February). Racially restrictive covenants: A story of segregation, disinvestment, and lingering implications (CSD Policy Brief No. 23-08). Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/fshc-6755

Metzger, M. (Ed.). (2023, February). Welcome home: A policy briefing book for housing opportunity in St. Louis County (CSD Research Summary No. 23-07). Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/q9c7-3n13

Summary In 2020, healthcare expenditures averaged $12,530 per person, up 9.7% from 2019. In 2018, 19% of U.S. households had medical debt with $2,000 being the median amount owed. Over half of adults between 18 to 64 years of age are estimated to experience some form of medical financial hardship including medical bills or debt, […]

Despard, M. (2022). Usage and impact of benefits among frontline healthcare workers (Social Policy Institute Research No. 65). https://doi.org/10.7936/6f24-p704

Zou, L., & Sherraden, M. (2022, June). Child Development Accounts reach over 15 million children globally (CSD Policy Brief No. 22-22). Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/yfyb-r646

Small business owners experienced a drastic economic disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Government pandemic assistance failed to reach many small business owners, especially those historically underserved by financial institutions. Drawing on a 2021 survey of 246 small business owners, the Social Policy Institute at Washington University in St. Louis descriptively examined the extent to […]

Beverly, S. G., Huang, J., Clancy, M. M., & Sherraden, M. (2022, January). Policy design for Child Development Accounts: Parents’ perceptions (CSD Research Brief No. 22-03). Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/nbdq-xa08

DeCecco, A., Peachey, J., & Clancy, M. M. (2021, November). Targeted deposits in Pennsylvania’s Keystone Scholars Child Development Account program (CSD Policy Brief No. 21-36). Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/5qg9-4191

Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, U.S. unemployment peaked at 14.4%. While some workers have returned to payrolls, others have been left behind. This brief examines the nuances of employment changes over the course of the pandemic and the impact of those changes on household financial well-being. Our study finds that the proportion of employees who […]

Ferris, D., Jabbari, J., Chun, Y., Sandoval, N. (2021). Serving students: Increased free and reduced-price school meal access in Missouri (Policy Brief). Saint Louis University, Prime Center. https://www.primecenter.org/policy-brief-database/srf-meals

Tiessen, R., & Lough, B. J. (2021). International development volunteering as alternative public diplomacy. In H. Zafarullah & A. S. Huque (Eds.), Handbook of Development Policy (pp 283–293). Edward Elgar. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781839100871.00032

Mati, J. M., Allum, C., Perold, H., Lough, B. J., Tiessen R. (2021). Leadership for volunteering: The COVID-19 experience [Report]. International Association for Volunteer Effort International. https://leadership4vol.iave.org/

Cisneros, J., Clancy, M. M., Elliott, W., III, Feinstein, A., Kanter, M., Karcher-Ramos, M., Kugler, C., Peachey, J., Quint, C., Shapiro, T. M., & Sherraden, M. (2021, August). The case for a nationwide Child Development Account policy: A policy brief developed by CDA experts and researchers (CSD Policy Brief No. 21-20). Washington University, Center for Social Development.

Cisneros, J., Clancy, M. M., Elliott, W., III, Feinstein, A., Kanter, M., Karcher-Ramos, M., Kugler, C., Peachey, J., Quint, C., Shapiro, T. M., & Sherraden, M. (2021, August). Redesigning college savings (529) plans to achieve inclusive Child Development Accounts: A policy brief developed by CDA experts and researchers (CSD Policy Brief No. 21-21). Washington University, Center for Social Development.

Huang, J., & Guo, B. (2021, April). Building financial capability and assets for disadvantaged entrepreneurs (CSD Research Brief No. 21-10). Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/8nyn-h137

Clancy, M. M., Beverly, S. G., Schreiner, M., Huang, J., & Sherraden, M. (2021). Financial outcomes in a Child Development Account experiment: Full inclusion, success regardless of race or income, investment growth for all (CSD Research Summary 21-06). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/fnjg-n539

The financial technology (fintech) sector has grown rapidly in recent years. Awareness and use of fintech has grown as companies in this sector have increased their user-friendly design, convenience, and accessibility. A unique fintech niche that has developed rapidly alongside the overall industry is known as “employer-channel fintech.” Offered by employers, these solutions or benefits […]

In this study, we examined HoneyBee, a service company that provides access to 0% APR loans and financial coaching through the workplace. HoneyBee aims to offer employees in need a more affordable credit alternative to payday and auto title loans and therefore help addressing significant cash flow emergencies. Data for this exploratory study included 65 […]

This research brief is part of a series by the Social Impact Nudgeathon initiative. This initiative incorporated insights from behavioral economics into the design and delivery of social welfare programs. Developed through a partnership between the Joint Distribution Committee in Israel (JDC-Israel) and the Social Policy Institute (SPI) at Washington University in St. Louis, this initiative is among the first of its kind to launch in Israel. […]

Shanks, T. R., & Meehan, P. (2021, February). MI-SEED investment funds and account growth: Implications for achieving higher rates of return in CDA programs (Research Brief No. 21-05). Washington University, Center for Social Development, and University of Michigan, Center for Equitable Family and Community Well-Being. https://doi.org/10.7936/50MK-H281

Leiker, C., Clancy, M. M., & Sherraden, M. (2020, October). Insights from state treasurers: Developing and implementing statewide Child Development Account policies (CSD Policy Summary No. 20-19). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/14tc-2b43

Huang, J., Beverly, S. G., Clancy, M. M., & Sherraden, M. (2020, August). Child Development Accounts improve parenting practices, particularly for financially vulnerable families (CSD Research Brief No. 20-15). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Center for Social Development.

Sherraden, M. (2020, June). Social work and the future of policing: Key points for changes in policy and practice (CSD Policy Brief No. 20-14). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/885h-rh13

There are several types of Employee Financial Wellness Programs (EFWPs), such as workplace financial counseling, workplace credit building, and employer-sponsored small dollar loans. Each program benefits the company and its employees in different ways. Washington University researchers, with generous support from the W. K. Kellogg Foundation, studied the implementation of EFWPs at several diverse organizations, including a nonprofit in the Midwest and several supply chain locations of a national retailer, to understand the impact. As a result, we’ve identified five ways in which providers can maximize the benefits of EFWPs and avoid pitfalls along the way.

There are several types of Employee Financial Wellness Programs (EFWPs), such as workplace financial counseling, workplace credit building, and employer-sponsored small dollar loans. Each program benefits the company and its employees in different ways. The Social Policy Institute at Washington University in St. Louis, with generous support from the W. K. Kellogg Foundation, studied the implementation of EFWPs at several diverse organizations, including a nonprofit in the Midwest and several supply chain locations of a national retailer, to understand the impact. As a result, we’ve identified four ways in which organizations can maximize the benefits of EFWPs and avoid pitfalls along the way.

This research brief is part of a series by the Social Impact Nudgeathon initiative. This initiative incorporated insights from behavioral economics into the design and delivery of social welfare programs. Developed through a partnership between the Joint Distribution Committee in Israel (JDC-Israel) and the Social Policy Institute (SPI) at Washington University in St. Louis, this initiative is among the first of its kind to launch in Israel. […]

This brief outlines the results of an assessment of Mobility Connection, a housing mobility program in St. Louis, Missouri. Mobility Connection is administered through Ascend STL and this assessment was conducted in partnership with the Social Policy Institute at Washington University in St. Louis. Our research focused on answering the following questions: To answer these […]

Huseynli, A., Sherraden, M., & Gottlieb, D. (2020, January). Child Development Accounts: A policy design and opportunity for Azerbaijan (CSD Policy Brief No. 20-02). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/bnqw-qn41

Huang, J., & Guo, B. (2020, January). The financial capability and financial well-being of low-income entrepreneurs (CSD Research Brief No. 20-01). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/fmxv-kv62

Clancy, M. M., Sherraden, M., & Beverly, S. G. (2019, November). Child Development Accounts at scale: Sample state legislation (CSD Policy Summary No. 19-46). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/cptg-2n77

Clancy, M. M., & Sherraden, M., Huang, J., Beverly, S. G., & Kim, Y. (2019, November). Statewide Child Development Accounts and Local Partnerships: A Scalable Model that Can Include All Families. (CSD Policy Brief No. 19-45). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/q310-7h95

Krings, A., Kornberg, D., & Lee, S. (2019). Lessons and policy implications from the Flint water crisis (CSD Policy Brief No. 19-41). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Center for Social Development.

Huang, J., Beverly, S. G., Kim, Y., Clancy, M. M., & Sherraden, M. (2019, October). Financially vulnerable families reap multiple benefits from Child Development Accounts (CSD Research Brief No. 19-40). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Center for Social Development.

This is one research brief in a series of five completed through the Employee Financial Wellness Programs Project. In this study, we examine administrative data for national nonprofit Working Credit’s employee benefit, which combines credit building education, one-on-one counseling, and access to financial products to help workers establish good credit. Working Credit offers credit-building services […]

This is one research brief in a series of five completed through the Employee Financial Wellness Programs Project. In this study, we focus on a workplace credit-building counseling program. This service is offered by a non-profit service provider that combines credit-building education, one-on-one counseling, and access to financial products to help low-income workers establish good […]

This is one research brief in a series of five completed through the Employee Financial Wellness Programs Project. In this study, we analyze administrative data and interviews regarding Trusted Advisor, a workplace financial wellness benefit offering one-on-one counseling linked to vetted financial tools. The purpose of this study was to examine take-up, engagement, and financial […]

Frank-Miller, E., Fox-Dichter, S., Wolter, S., Hampton, J., Despard, M., & Germain, G. (2019). Employer-sponsored small-dollar loans: An assessment of take-up, engagement, and outcomes. (SPI Research Brief No. 19-04). Washington University, Social Policy Institute. https://doi.org/10.7936/aq84-3404

Aguilar, A., McClendon, G. G., Sherraden, M., & Pitzer, K. A. (2019, September). Race, income, and voting access on Election Day (CSD Fact Sheet No. 19-37). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/6dnr-0d17

Action steps for employers to make DCFSAs more usable and effective at reducing the child care cost burden. Project: Building on Benefits

Tiessen, R., & Lough, B. J. (2019). The effects of international volunteering on community-based engagement in Canada [Report]. Employment and Social Development Canada. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.28100.17287

Lough, B. J. (2019, July). Volunteering and measures of human development (CSD Research Brief No. 19-28). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/k92h-8h77

Sun, S., Roll, S. P., Kondratjeva, O., Bufe, S., & Grinstein-Weiss, M. (2019, March). Assessing the Short-Term Stability of Financial Well-Being in Low- and Moderate-Income Households. (SPI Research Brief No. 19-01). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Social Policy Institute.

Bufe, S., Sun, S., Roll, S. P., Kondratjeva, O., & Grinstein-Weiss, M. (2019, March). How do Changing Financial Circumstances Relate to Financial Well-Being? Evidence from a National Survey. (SPI Research Brief No. 19-02). St. Louis, MO: Washington Univer¬sity, Social Policy Institute.

Clancy, M. M., Sherraden, M., & Beverly, S. G. (2019, March). SEED for Oklahoma Kids Wave 3: Extending Rigorous Research and a Successful Policy Model (CSD Research Brief No. 19-06). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/zx2j-0543

Sun, S., Kondratjeva, O., Roll, S. P., Despard, M., & Grinstein-Weiss, M. (2018, December). Financial well-being in low- and moderate-income households: How does it compare to the general population? (SPI Research Brief No. 18-03). St. Louis, MO: Washington Univer¬sity, Social Policy Institute.

Lough, B. J., Allum, C., Devereux, P., & Tiessen, R. (2018). The global research agenda on volunteering for peace and development (CSD Research Brief No. 18-50). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Center for Social Development. doi:10.7936/xe2f-5p62

McClendon, G. G., Pitzer, K. A., & Tolani, A. T. (2018, October). Incomplete democracy: The relationship of race, income, and education to voter participation (CSD Research Brief No. 18-41). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Center for Social Development. doi:10.7936/wbvn-1744

Workplace-based Employee Financial Wellness Programs (EFWPs) aim to strengthen employees’ financial well-being through services such as financial coaching, payroll advances and short term installment loans, credit counseling, debt management, and online financial management tools. Although EFWPs are a fast-growing part of employee benefit packages, offerings vary widely in service type and delivery method across employers, […]

Employee Financial Wellness Programs (EFWPs) consist of a wide array of workplace-based services and benefits that aim to enhance employees’ financial well-being, such as in-person financial coaching, online financial management tools, and payroll advances or short-term loans. EFWP provision varies across employers with few organizations offering the same set of services. The recently released Employee […]

Davison, G., Roll, S. P., Taylor, S. H., & Grinstein-Weiss, M. (2018, January). The state of state EITCs: An overview and their implications for low- and moderate-income households (CSD Research Brief No. 18-04). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Center for Social Development.

Clancy, M. M., Markoff, S., & King, J. (2018, May). How do changes to 529 rules affect children’s savings account programs? (CSD Research Brief No. 18-24). Washington, DC: Prosperity Now, Washington University, Center for Social Development, and New America.

Birkenmaier, J., Despard, M. R., & Friedline, T. (2018, May). Policy recommendations for financial capability and asset building by increasing access to safe, affordable credit (Grand Challenges for Social Work initiative Policy Brief No. 11-2). Cleveland, OH: American Academy of Social Work & Social Welfare.

Despard, M. R., Friedline, T., & Birkenmaier, J. (2018, May). Policy recommendations for helping U.S. households build emergency savings (Grand Challenges for Social Work initiative Policy Brief No. 11-3). Cleveland, OH: American Academy of Social Work & Social Welfare.

Friedline, T., Despard, M. R., & Birkenmaier, J. (2018, May). Policy recommendations for expanding access to banking and financial services (Grand Challenges for Social Work initiative Policy Brief No. 11-4). Cleveland, OH: American Academy of Social Work & Social Welfare.

Sherraden, M., Clancy, M., & Beverly, S. (2018, February). Taking Child Development Accounts to scale: Ten key policy design elements (CSD Policy Brief No. 18-08). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Center for Social Development.

Roll, S. P., Mitchell, D. S., Holub, K., Bufe, S., & Grinstein-Weiss, M. (2017, December). Responses to and repercussions from income volatility in low- and moderate-income households: Results from a national survey (Issue Brief). Washington, DC: Aspen Institute and Center for Social Development.

Clancy, M. M., & Beverly, S. G. (2017, November). 529 plan investment growth and a quasi-default investment for Child Development Accounts (CSD Policy Brief No. 17-42). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Center for Social Development.

Roll, S. P., Mitchell, D. S., Bufe, S., Lynne, G., & Grinstein-Weiss, M. (2017, October). The experience of volatility in low- and moderate-income households: Results from a national survey (Issue Brief). Washington, DC: Aspen Institute and Center for Social Development.

This brief uses administrative income tax data coupled with survey responses from roughly 5,000 households living near the poverty line to estimate how access to the Affordable Care Act’s health insurance Marketplaces have affected households’ experiences of extreme illiquidity, which is measured by delinquencies on home payments. To estimate this relationship, we exploit a natural […]

Beverly, S. G., & Clancy, M. M. (2017, April). Asset limits for means-tested public assistance: Considerations for Child Development Account proponents (CSD Policy Brief No. 17-24). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/K72R3R5X

Gonzales, E., Morrow-Howell, N. M., & Ho, H. (2017, March). Expand paid family and medical leave (Policy Action No. 4.1). Cleveland, OH: American Academy of Social Work & Social Welfare, Grand Challenge for Social Work initiative.

Pettus-Davis, C., Epperson, M. W., & Grier, A. (2017, March). Reverse civic and legal exclusions for persons with criminal charges and convictions (Policy Action No. 9.1). Cleveland, OH: American Academy of Social Work & Social Welfare, Grand Challenges for Social Work initiative.

Huang, J., Sherraden, M. S., Clancy, M. M., Sherraden, M., & Shanks, T. R. (2017, March). Start lifelong asset building with universal and progressive Child Development Accounts (Policy Action No. 11.1). Cleveland, OH: American Academy of Social Work & Social Welfare, Grand Challenges for Social Work initiative.

Perantie, D. C., Roll, S. P., Oliphant, J. E., Guo, S., & Grinstein-Weiss, M. (2017, February). Coping with a crisis: Financial resources available to low- and moderate-income households in emergencies (CSD Research Brief No. 17-11). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/K7M32V90

Clancy, M., & Beverly, S. (2017, February). Do savings and assets reduce need-based aid for dependent students? (CSD Policy Brief No. 17-10). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/K7KW5FJX

Gallagher, E. A., Gopalan, R., Grinstein-Weiss, M., Roll, S. P., & Davison, G. ( 2017, January). Home delinquency rates are lower among ACA Marketplace households: Evidence from a natural experiment (CSD Research Brief No. 17-01). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Center for Social Development. https://doi.org/10.7936/K72B8XJP

Roll, S. P., Taylor, S. H., & Grinstein-Weiss, M. (2016, October). Financial anxiety in low- and moderate-income households: Findings from the Household Financial Survey (CSD Research Brief No. 16-42). St. Louis, MO: Washington University, Center for Social Development.

Hawkins, J. D., Jenson, J. M., DeVylder, J., Catalano, R. F., Botvin, G. J., Fraser, M., … Bumbarger, B. (2016, September). Policy recommendations for meeting the Grand Challenge to Ensure Healthy Development for All Youth (Grand Challenges for Social Work Initiative Policy Brief No. 1). Cleveland, OH: American Academy of Social Work & Social Welfare. https://doi.org/10.7936/K7NS0TDC

Spencer, M. S., Walters, K. L., & Clapp, J. D. (2016, September). Policy recommendations for meeting the Grand Challenge to Close the Health Gap (Grand Challenges for Social Work Initiative Policy Brief No. 2). Cleveland, OH: American Academy of Social Work & Social Welfare. https://doi.org/10.7936/K7P84BFP

Kulkarni, S. J., Barth, R. P., & Messing, J. T. (2016, September). Policy recommendations for meeting the Grand Challenge to Stop Family Violence (Grand Challenges for Social Work Initiative Policy Brief No. 3). Cleveland, OH: American Academy of Social Work & Social Welfare. https://doi.org/10.7936/K7MW2GNV

Morrow-Howell, N., Gonzales, E., & Matz-Costa, C. (2016, September). Policy recommendations for meeting the Grand Challenge to Advance Long and Productive Lives (Grand Challenges for Social Work Initiative Policy Brief No. 4). Cleveland, OH: American Academy of Social Work & Social Welfare. https://doi.org/10.7936/K7Q23ZR1

Brown, S., Casey, E. A., Crewe, S. E., Gironda, M., Johnson, C., Lubben, J., … Tracy, E. (2016, September). Policy recommendations for meeting the Grand Challenge to Eradicate Social Isolation (Grand Challenges for Social Work Initiative Policy Brief No. 5). Cleveland, OH: American Academy of Social Work & Social Welfare. https://doi.org/10.7936/K7C828T7

Padgett, D. K., Henwood, B. F., & Culhane, D. P. (2016, September). Policy recommendations for meeting the Grand Challenge to End Homelessness (Grand Challenges for Social Work Initiative Policy Brief No. 6). Cleveland, OH: American Academy of Social Work & Social Welfare. https://doi.org/10.7936/K7J67GFJ

Kemp, S. P., Mason, L. R., Palinkas, L. A., Rechkemmer, A., & Teixeira, S. (2016, September). Policy recommendations for meeting the Grand Challenge to Create Social Responses to a Changing Environment (Grand Challenges for Social Work Initiative Policy Brief No. 7). Cleveland, OH: American Academy of Social Work & Social Welfare. https://doi.org/10.7936/K7GQ6X8V

Berzin, S. C., Coulton, C. J., Goerge, R., Hitchcock, L., Putnam-Hornstein, E., Sage, M., & Singer, J. (2016, September). Policy recommendations for meeting the Grand Challenge to Harness Technology for Social Good (Grand Challenges for Social Work Initiative Policy Brief No. 8). Cleveland, OH: American Academy of Social Work & Social Welfare. https://doi.org/10.7936/K7930SPJ

Epperson, M., & Pettus-Davis, C. (2016, September). Policy recommendations for meeting the Grand Challenge to Promote Smart Decarceration (Grand Challenges for Social Work Initiative Policy Brief No. 9). Cleveland, OH: American Academy of Social Work & Social Welfare. https://doi.org/10.7936/K7DJ5F50